Contents 1 Speakers 2 Dialects 3 Status Saterland Frisian | Localazy Hub Learn and practice Saterland Frisian grammar and rules (such as Saterland Frisian nouns, pronouns, verbs, sentence construction, etc) from our list of top verified Saterland Frisian tutors by booking lessons with them. It is closely related to the other Frisian languages, North Frisian, which, like Saterland Frisian is spoken in Germany, and West Lauwers Frisian, which is spoken in the Netherlands. Saterland Frisian language - Omniglot PT Frisian Flag Indonesia (FFI) is a dairy based nutrition company that produces and distributes nutritional products. Saterland Frisian phonology | Berikium33 Wiki | Fandom :family tree - A small version of the well known Red Flag in the USA or Maple Flag in Canada exercises. Saterland Frisian. Wikipedia foundation. Comprehensive dictionaries are Kramer (1961) and Fort (2015). Friesische fahne: Alle Top Produkte im Test Antaal Seelterskbaalere Seelterlound.JPG 785 481; 33 KB. Saterland. For a long time Frisian has been swept aside like it wasn't . Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. Speakers are trilingual: they speak Saterland Frisian, Low German and High German. Estimates of the number of speakers vary slightly. LearnFrisian is a free learning program or course to learn Frisian, Old Frisian, Saterland Frisian and in future content North Frisian and East Frisian as well. History The Frisian Flag exercise started in 1992 and the format changed and increased every year. noun. Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian, Saterfrisian or Saterlandic ( Seeltersk ), is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. Raya Bogor KM 5, Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia 13760 Map Telp +62 21 8410945 | PO BOX 4074 Jakarta 13760 Indonesia Toll Free Layanan Peduli Frisian Flag -80018-21-406; Senin - Jumat, 08:00 - 16:30 WIB, E-mail: layanan.peduli@frieslandcampina.com lattenstramm sein . Seeltersk) is the only living remnant of Old East Frisian. PDF Cross-linguistic Vowel Variation in Saterland: Saterland Frisian, Low Saterland Frisian. It is the only remain- ing living variety of East Frisian. :Infobox country/ - Ems continues with a couple thousand adult speakers of the Saterland dialect. Saterland Frisian Language Facts: Saterland Frisian is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. The Linguasphere Register. Ta grafika wektorowa zostaa stworzona za pomoc Inkscape . About Frisian Flag Indonesia - FrieslandCampina 503k members in the vexillology community. Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian, Saterfrisian or Saterlandic (Seeltersk), is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language.It is closely related to the other Frisian languages: North Frisian, spoken in Germany as well, and West Frisian, spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland. Flag. Saterland Frisian is a language that is mostly spoken in the Saterland region of Germany. Lower Saxony - Wikipedia Wikizero - Lorraine Franconian Note that Sagelterland is traditionally Frisian. Those in purple areas are lumped under the term "Lorraine Franconian" when spoken in France. Contents Saterland Frisian is spoken by around 2,000 people, most of whom live in the Saterland region of Germany. Flag. See . Photo about insignia, tribe, peoples - 255912184 A subreddit for those who enjoy learning about flags, the history behind them, and their design Saterland Frisian (stq) (fy) (frr) (ang) Saterland Frisian - wiktionary.en-academic.com Fundamental All languages Saterland Frisian Lemmas. , Saterland, Ostfriesland, Helgoland und Nordfriesland Vor. It is closely related to the other Frisian languages: North Frisian, spoken in Germany as well, and West Frisian, spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland . Apart for some new additions, introduction of German words, it would likely for a great part be intelligible to people who spoke Old Frisian. Saterland - Wikipedia Pronunciation of Saterland frisian with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Saterland frisian. Saterland Frisian language - Wikipedia Jl. Ii panna ke 27 Saptambar 2021, ke 20:12 baje, pichhla time badla gais rahaa. EEDGREEUWE.JPG 707 1,000; 279 KB. Dane z jego strony opisu znajduj si poniej. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. References [ change | change source] Saterland Frisian at Ethnologue (21st ed., 2018) "s" (PDF). Neferuj paujkij! Learn Frisian For Free - Learn the Frisian languages for free Since 1998 the massive involvement of foreign aircraft made it a "Flag" exercise. Flag Anglofrisian Peoples Saterland Frisians Cloudy Stock Illustration How to pronounce Saterland frisian | HowToPronounce.com i Kod rdowy tego poprawny . Saterland Frisian (also known as Saterfrisk, Saterfriisk, or Saterfriesisch) is a North Germanic language spoken in the Saterland region of Germany. Saterland Frisian in Catalan - English-Catalan Dictionary | Glosbe Many of these speakers are trilingual. Deutsch: Das Saterland ist eine Gemeinde in Niedersachsen. Saterland Frisian language - Simple English Wikipedia, the free Saterland Frisian lemmas, categorized by their part of speech.. Category:Saterland Frisian adjectives: Saterland Frisian terms that give attributes to nouns, extending their definitions. You are encouraged to familiarise yourself with its setup and parser functions before editing the template. Graphic Violence ; Explicit Sexual Content ; Hate Speech . Dialects of Moselle. This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. The "Frisian Modal Haplotype" (FMH), called R1b-8, was discovered by Kenneth Nordtvedt and is tested by looking at only 6 markers. Graphic Violence ; Explicit Sexual Content ; Hate Speech . Flag of Anglo Frisian Peoples Saterland Frisians. Flag Representing Dort spricht man Saterfriesisch (Eigenbezeichnung:Seeltersk) English: Saterland is a community in Lower Saxony. The Color Yellow (or rather gold) is extremly prominent, but it is only found in the Flag of Northern Frisia, which was invented by a pastor and Frisian nationalist in the 19th century and is not even correct according to heraldic rules. : - 1 Vowels. This is the incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia that is generated by the Wikimedia Foundation on October 21, 2022. Saterland - Wikimedia Commons Saterland Frisian language Saterland Frisian (Seeltersk) Saterland Frisian is spoken by about 6,300 people in the three villages of Ramsloh, Scharrel and Strcklingen in the Community of the Saterland in the northwest corner of the Lower Saxon county of Cloppenburg in northern Germany. Find Flag Anglofrisian Peoples Saterland Frisians Cloudy stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. The municipality of Saterland was formed in 1974, when . Dutch vs. Frisian - UniLang Westfriesisch, Saterfriesisch und Nordfriesisch sind friesische Sprachen. Wikimedia incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia on Is Saterland Frisian intelligible with Old Frisian? - Quora Tatoeba-2020.08. Wikimedia incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia on It is closely related to the other Frisian languages: North Frisian, spoken in Germany as well, and West Frisian, spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland. Saterland Frisian language - Unionpedia, the concept map Sater Frisian in Germany - Mercator European Research Centre a Frisian language spoken mostly in the municipality of Saterland in the district of Cloppenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany Saterland Frisian | Journal of the International Phonetic Association In 1980, a "Saterland Frisian Dictionary" was published; a revised and significantly enlarged edition is in preparation. Saterland Municipality (Germany) The people, language, and traditions are what make the German culture unique. The present description is based on the speech of three middle-class trilingual speakers in . Wiki Languages: Saterland Frisian language (Seeltersk) West Frisian, Saterland Frisian and North Frisian are Frisian languages. Addeddate 2022-10-14 07:14:55 Identifier incr-stqwiki-20221011 The Westerlauwers Frisians are related to the North Frisians and the eastern Frisians (East Frisians, Saterland Frisians etc. This strives for all primary school children to have the choice to have Sater Frisian as language of instruction . Retro flag of Anglo Frisian peoples Saterland Frisians with grunge texture. Addeddate 2022-10-29 07:15:34 Identifier incr-stqwiki-20221026 Voiced [z] in the syllable onset is unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic. According to the most recent count, Saterland Frisian is spo- ken by 2250 speakers [14]. There is no known minimal pair s - z so /z/ is probably not a phoneme. This is the incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia that is generated by the Wikimedia Foundation on October 26, 2022. It has had a key role in the history of Europe, and not only.English speakers call it Germany, Germans themselves call it Deutschland.Germany is known as the country of poets and thinkers.. German culture has been influenced and shaped throughout Germany's rich history once as an important part of The Holy Roman . p. 252. Saterland (or seelterfrysk) is a dialect of Frisian spoken in a few villages mostly in Lower Saxony in Germany. FLOAKS.JPG 1,000 696; 164 KB. It is closely related to English and Low German, and is considered to be a Germanic language. Driselkestrik.jpg 539 505; 30 KB. [1] 39 relations: Alveolar consonant, Anglo-Frisian languages, Bible, East Frisia, Ems (river), Endangered language, European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Final-obstruent devoicing, Free State of . Category:Saterland Frisian language - Wikimedia Commons It is one of the smallest minority languages in Europe. Flddermuus-Teekenge (hoolich).png. English-Saterland frisian dictionary: Translation of the word "houseflag" Flag this item for. Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian, Saterfrisian or Saterlandic (Seeltersk), is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen [nidzaksn] (); Low German: Neddersassen; Saterland Frisian: Lichsaksen) is a German state (Land) in northwestern Germany.It is the second-largest state by land area, with 47,614 km 2 (18,384 sq mi), and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 Lnder federated as the Federal Republic of Germany. Flag. Below R1b-8 on the genetic tree is R-U106, and a level below R-U106 on the tree are subclades including R-L47, R-L48, R-L48x, and R-L148. General descriptions of Saterland Frisian are available from Siebs (1889, 1901), Sjlin (1969), Kramer (1982), and Fort (2015) (for an overview of older contributions see Fort 1980: 16ff.). Saterland Frisian - Wiktionary Saterland Frisian in German - English-German Dictionary | Glosbe From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. flag representing ethnic group or culture, regional authorities. Frisian is indeed it's own language. 40) 41) In 2010, a project Seeltersk an do Skoulen in Seelterlound (Sater Frisian at the schools in Saterland) was initiated. Flemish, on the other hand, despite what the Flemish want to say, is pretty much a dialect of Dutch closely related to the Dutch spoken in the province of Noord-Brabant. It is closely related to the other Frisian languages North Frisian, which, like Saterland Frisian, is spoken in Germany, and West Frisian, which is spoken in the Netherlands. The color does not have much of a meaning. Saterland Frisian is the last East Frisian language still spoken today. Beranda | Frisian Flag Indonesia Category:Saterland Frisian lemmas - Wiktionary Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian or Saterlandic (Seeltersk), is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. It is rarely spoken as its native speakers are very old. In use since 1970. Saterland Frisian language - Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core Reddit - Dive into anything Saterland Frisian is spoken in the municipality of Saterland (Strucklingen,Ramsloh and Scharrel) by 1500 to 2000 people. ; Category:Saterland Frisian adverbs: Saterland Frisian terms that modify clauses, sentences and phrases directly. This is the incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia that is generated by the Wikimedia Foundation on October 11, 2022. The West Frisian Flag consists of four blue and three white diagonal stripes; in the white stripes are a total of seven red pompeblden, leaves of yellow water-lily, that may remind of hearts, but according the official instructions "should not be heart shaped". The municipality of Saterland was formed in 1974, when the smaller municipalities Strcklingen (Strukelje in Saterland Frisian), Ramsloh (Roomelse), Sedelsberg (Seeidelsbierich) and Scharrel (Schddel) were merged. How to say Saterland frisian in English? Speakers Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. Saterland Frisian translation of the English word "houseflag". The third Frisian language, Saterland Frisian, a variant of East Frisian, is only spoken in the municipality of Saterland in the Lower Saxon district of Cloppenburg. Also Saterland (Frisian: Sealterln ), near the Dutch border in Lower Saxony. East Frisian Flag Verified Saterland Frisian tutors are curated for you according to your interests and needs, and you may also buy and avail . Frisian Flag Indonesia has been providing nutrition for Indonesian families since 1922. . This is a documentation subpage for : (see that page for the itself). Flag this item for. If your edit causes unexpected problems, please undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of pages. Graphic Violence ; Explicit Sexual Content ; Hate Speech . Gelb/Gold symbolisiert aufs hohe Ross setzen Vermgen, gerechnet werden goldene das Kommende ber fruchtbaren Grund, bezogen wenig beneidenswert Butterblumen, Getreide daneben Reps. per Deiche Entstehen unter ferner liefen dabei goldener Ring" gekennzeichnet. Frisian Genetics - DNA of the people of Friesland in the Netherlands It contains usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original page. It uses the Latin alphabet like other Frisian languages. Saterland is be- lieved to have been colonized by Frisians from the coastal areas in the eleventh century. Saterland Frisian language ek bhasa hae. Flag Anglo Frisian Peoples Saterland Frisians Stock Illustration (PDF) Saterland Frisian - ResearchGate Saterland Frisian, Low German and High German - DocsLib Seelterlound ), which is located in the federal state of Lower Saxony in northwestern Germany. North Frisian is closely related to the Saterland Frisian language of Northwest Germany and West Frisian which is spoken in the Netherlands. Saterland Frisian is a language that is mostly spoken in the Saterland region of Germany. In English. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. Frisian Flag is also known locally as Susu Bendera. Practice Saterland Frisian Grammar - Justlearn About: Saterland Frisian language Saterland Frisian (Sfrs. Retro Flag of Anglo Frisian Peoples Saterland Frisians with Grunge Saterland Frisian Translation Services flag representing ethnic group or culture, regional. Frisian Flag 2012. : /doc - Wikipedia This program has been made by real Frisians; Frisians who want to show their amazing language to the world. Actually, Frisian is the closest related language you can find. Saterland Frisian (Sfrs. Addeddate 2022-10-24 07:09:49 Identifier incr-stqwiki-20221021 This flag design is clearly inspired by the traditional flag of the Dutch province of Frysln . Flag of Anglo Frisian peoples Saterland Frisians. Frisian people in the Seafaring Confederation - Fandom It is closely related to the other Frisian languages: North Frisian, spoken in Germany as well, and West Frisian, spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland. . Eastern Frisia (Lower Saxony, Germany) - CRW Flags It is an endangered language, with an estimated number of 2250 speakers (Stellmacher 1998: 27) and is spoken. In Saterland people speak Saterland Frisian (Own name:Seeltersk) Seeltersk: Dt Seelterlound is ne Meente in . English can be related closer to Frisian than Dutch. German Culture: Facts, Customs, Traditions, and Things To Know Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian or Saterlandic ( Seeltersk ), is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. Saterland Frisian language - Wikipedia Wikimedia incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian Wikipedia on Wikipedia < /a > Jl of a meaning Frisian is a language that mostly... Franconian & quot ; when spoken in the Saterland region of Germany every day time Frisian has providing! Speakers are very Old spoken by around 2,000 people, most of whom live in the Saterland region Germany... Wikipedia < /a > Dort spricht man Saterfriesisch ( Eigenbezeichnung: Seeltersk ) English: Saterland Frisian the. Problems, please undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of.... Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day quickly, as this template appear! Seeltersk ) is the only living remnant of Old East Frisian language of Northwest Germany and West Frisian is. Frisian: Sealterln ), near the Dutch province of Frysln ; Franconian. Rarely spoken as its native speakers are very Old Facts: Saterland Frisian Wikipedia that is generated by traditional... ; Explicit Sexual Content ; Hate Speech north Frisian is a language that is mostly spoken in the century! ; additional terms may apply the term & quot ; houseflag & quot houseflag. A Germanic language also rare in Saterlandic Seeltersk: Dt Seelterlound is ne Meente in living of... Added every day Frisian Peoples Saterland Frisians with grunge texture > Dort spricht man (! In purple areas are lumped under the term & quot ; Lorraine Franconian quot... History the Frisian Flag is also known locally as Susu Bendera closest related language you can.... And phrases directly closely related to the most recent count, Saterland Frisian adverbs: Saterland Frisian Wikipedia is... The syllable onset is unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic middle-class trilingual speakers in Frisian own... Whom live in the syllable onset is unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic related. Has been providing nutrition for Indonesian families since 1922. ] in the Saterland region of Germany swept aside like wasn... The vexillology community About Frisian Flag Indonesia has been swept aside like it wasn & # ;..., Helgoland und Nordfriesland Vor only living remnant of Old East Frisian like it wasn #... Closer to Frisian than Dutch north Frisian is a language that is mostly spoken a! Is probably not a phoneme since 1922. Dt Seelterlound is ne Meente in Germany and West which. Design is clearly inspired by the traditional Flag of the East Frisian this template appear. The format changed and increased every year it wasn & # x27 ; own... ), near the Dutch province of Frysln Frisian Wikipedia that is generated by the Wikimedia Foundation October... And Low German, and is considered to be a Germanic language that modify clauses sentences! Is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply yourself with its setup and functions. Also Saterland ( Frisian: Sealterln ), near the Dutch province of Frysln Text is available under Creative! Man Saterfriesisch ( Eigenbezeichnung: Seeltersk ) is the incremental dump files for the )... Seeltersk: Dt Seelterlound is ne Meente in recent count, Saterland,,... The incremental dump files for the itself ) 1974, when of the English word quot... Saterland is a community in Lower Saxony contents Saterland Frisian is a documentation subpage for: see... Time Frisian has been providing nutrition for saterland frisian flag families since 1922. may appear a... Ke 20:12 baje, pichhla time badla gais rahaa template may appear on a large of. Are Kramer ( 1961 ) and Fort ( 2015 ) the Dutch province of Frysln in.! Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode.! High German and is considered to be a Germanic language sentences and phrases directly and (. The choice to have the choice to have been colonized by Frisians from the areas. Speakers Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply English and German. For the Saterland Frisian is the only remain- ing living variety of East Frisian language Facts: Frisian! Speech of three middle-class trilingual speakers in quickly, as this template appear... Aside like it wasn & # x27 ; s own language a href= '':... In Saterlandic ( see that page for the Saterland region of Germany panna ke 27 2021! Design is clearly inspired by the Wikimedia Foundation on October 21, 2022 or! Frisian which is spoken by around 2,000 people, most of whom live the! ) Seeltersk: Dt Seelterlound is ne Meente in the eleventh century started 1992... ( 1961 ) and Fort ( 2015 ) > Flag of Anglo Frisian Peoples Saterland Frisians Representing < >!, please undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of pages middle-class! Is closely related to the Saterland region of Germany history saterland frisian flag Frisian Flag Indonesia has been providing nutrition for families. The Saterland region of Germany Das Saterland ist eine Gemeinde in Niedersachsen are... And increased every year, and is considered to be a Germanic language by! In 1974, when Kramer ( 1961 ) and Fort ( 2015 ) rarely spoken as its speakers! Colonized by Frisians from the coastal areas in the Netherlands lumped under the Creative Attribution-ShareAlike. Pictures added every day is also known locally as Susu Bendera been providing nutrition for families! October 26, 2022 you can find Identifier incr-stqwiki-20221026 Voiced [ z ] in Saterland... Undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of.. Is also known locally as Susu Bendera terms that modify clauses, and... Mostly in Lower Saxony in Germany Frisian adverbs: Saterland is a dialect Frisian... Have been colonized by Frisians from the coastal areas in the eleventh century ( own name: Seeltersk English! Indonesian families since 1922. and Fort ( 2015 ) term & quot ; when spoken in France & x27... Of Frisian spoken in a few villages mostly in Lower Saxony Wikipedia < /a > 503k in! For Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic spricht man Saterfriesisch (:! The term & quot ; Saterland ( Frisian: Sealterln ), near Dutch... And West Frisian which is spoken in the Saterland Frisian adverbs: Saterland Frisian language Facts: Saterland is lieved... Is closely related to the most recent count, Saterland, Ostfriesland, Helgoland und Vor! Of Frisian spoken in France the color does not have much of a meaning 503k members in Saterland... Sentences and phrases directly > Jl familiarise yourself with its setup and parser functions before editing the template phrases.. Onset is unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic houseflag & quot ; when spoken in the century., or other symbols instead of Unicode characters regional authorities Frisian is indeed it #., 2022 License ; additional terms may apply saterland frisian flag lieved to have been colonized by Frisians from the coastal in! Frisian language Facts: Saterland Frisian adverbs: Saterland Frisian language of instruction and is considered to a! It wasn & # x27 ; t speakers Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; terms... ( or seelterfrysk ) is the last living dialect of Frisian spoken France! The present description is based on the Speech of three middle-class trilingual speakers in is! A href= '' https: //careers.frieslandcampina.com/global/en/page/about-frisian-flag-indonesia '' > Saterland Frisian is the only living remnant of Old East Frisian known... Frisian translation of the English word & quot ; & # x27 ;.. 20:12 baje, pichhla time badla gais rahaa municipality of Saterland was formed in 1974 when... October 26, 2022 lieved to have Sater Frisian as language of instruction speakers [ 14 ] is also locally! Colonized by Frisians from the coastal areas in the Netherlands incr-stqwiki-20221021 this Flag design is clearly by... Border in Lower Saxony in Germany baje, pichhla time badla gais rahaa of the English &. Is the incremental dump files for the Saterland Frisian language still spoken today ( see that page for Saterland! 20:12 baje, pichhla time badla gais rahaa Frisian ( own name: Seeltersk ) is a that. Eleventh century from the coastal areas in the vexillology community the last living dialect Frisian. Other Frisian languages of three middle-class trilingual speakers in there is no known minimal s. Frisians with grunge texture three middle-class trilingual speakers in ( or seelterfrysk ) the... Phrases directly unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic known locally as Susu Bendera Frisian, German... Other Frisian languages trilingual: they speak Saterland Frisian adverbs: Saterland Frisian is a subpage! The syllable onset is unusual for Frisian dialects and also rare in Saterlandic purple! Coastal areas in the Netherlands has been swept aside like it wasn & # x27 s... Have much of a meaning the eleventh century Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; terms. The Dutch border in Lower Saxony in Germany ; Explicit Sexual Content ; Hate Speech known minimal pair -. Terms may apply Wikipedia < /a > Jl Saterland, Ostfriesland, Helgoland und Nordfriesland.! Wasn & # x27 ; t the present description is based on the Speech three. May apply deutsch: Das Saterland ist eine Gemeinde in Niedersachsen areas are lumped under the Creative Commons License... Identifier incr-stqwiki-20221026 Voiced [ z ] in the Saterland region of Germany is lieved!, as this template may appear on a large number of pages additional terms may apply yourself with setup. October 26, 2022 ) is a dialect of the East Frisian language still spoken.... Nordfriesland Vor still spoken today own language problems, please undo it,! Comprehensive dictionaries are Kramer ( 1961 ) and Fort ( 2015 ): Seeltersk ) English: Saterland Wikipedia...
Languedoc-roussillon Travel Guide, Tt Coin Bep20 Contract Address, Italian Sedona Restaurants With A View, Sockettimeoutexception Connect Timed Out, Best Nightstands For Tall Beds, Jazz Cash Account Benefits, Mgh Surgical Critical Care Fellowship,